What is protocol and types of protocol.

 Protocols used in the Internet

Protocol:- Protocol means a set of rules or procedures for transmitting data between electronic devices, such as computers. ...because the most important computer protocol is OSI (Open Systems Interconnection), a set of guidelines for implementing networking communications between computers.

There are several important protocols used in the Internet used in various layers of the open system interconnection (OSI) and TCP/IP network models:

There are many types of protocols in computer systems:-

1. File transfer protocol (FTP): It is used for transferring files across the network. For example send between two persons like that, Movie, Audio, Video, etc.

2. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): It is used for transferring files or documents containing text, images sounds, videos, etc. across the Internet. This transfer can take place only if there is an HTTP client program at one end and HTTP server program at the other end. 

3. Domain name service (DNS): It is used for translating Internet domain names into IP addresses. It is used for sending e-mail.

4. Simple mail transfer protocol(SMPT):- It is used sending e mail message across the network.

5. Telnet: It is used for establishing interactive and text-based communication between the host and the client.

6. Remote desktop protocol (RDP): It provides access to another computer through graphical user interface.

7. Time-triggered protocol (TTP): It provides fault-tolerant message transfer with minimal problems without relying on a central time server.

8. Simple network management protocol (SNMP): It is used for managing devices across complex networks.

9. User datagram protocol (UDP): It provides connection less service. It is unreliable and information transmission is not guaranteed. Hence, it is used where fast transfer of information is needed, and the loss of some data can be tolerated. For example, suppose a client application sends four datagrams to the server in the order A1, A2, A3 and A4, but UDP may present the datagrams to the server-side application as: A3, A1, A4 and A2.

10. Datagram congestion control protocol (DCCP): It is suitable for the reliable transferring of fairly large amounts of data in proper time.

11. GPRS tunneling protocol (GTP): It is a communication protocol used to provide general packet radio service (GPRS) within GSM and other networks.

12. Stream control transmission protocol (SCTP): It is message-oriented like UDP and ensures reliable, sequential message transfer with less congestion like TCP.

13. Internet protocol (IP): It is the principal communication protocol used for relaying network packets (called datagrams) from the host to the client based on the IP addresses. This is important part of protocols actually there are many types of protocols.

14. Address resolution protocol (ARP): It is a protocol used for the resolution of network layer addresses, that is, conversion of an IP address into a physical address, such as the Ethernet.

15. Reverse address resolution protocol (RARP): This can be used by the host computer to determine its IP address.

16. Internet control message protocol (ICMP):It is used by the operating systems of networked computers to send error messages like "host not reachable", etc. or relay queries.

17. Remote procedure call (RPC): It requests a service from a program located in a remote computer. It allows the user to transfer a file or log on to the remote computer.

18. Post office protocol (POP): It is an application-layer protocol used by clients to retrieve e-mails from a remote server through a TCP/IP connection. another name of post office then called it POP. 

Some extra protocols

I hope this post is help for your learning of protocol in network systems.